Strawberries sun shiga mataki na furanni, kuma manyan kwari a kan strawberries-aphids, thrips, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, da dai sauransu sun fara kai hari. Saboda mites gizo-gizo, thrips, da aphids ƙananan kwari ne, suna da ɓoye sosai kuma suna da wuya a gano su a farkon mataki. Duk da haka, suna haifuwa da sauri kuma suna iya haifar da bala'i cikin sauƙi kuma suna haifar da asarar tattalin arziki mai yawa. Don haka, ya zama dole a karfafa binciken yanayin kwari don cimma nasarar ganowa da wuri da rigakafin da wuri.
Alamomin cutarwa
1. Aphids
Babban aphids da ke lalata strawberries sune aphids auduga da koren peach aphids. Manya da nymphs sun taru a gindin ganyen strawberry, core ganye, da petioles, suna shan ruwan 'ya'yan itacen strawberry da ɓoyewar zuma. Bayan wuraren ci gaban da manyan ganyen sun lalace, ganyen suna murɗawa suna murɗawa, suna shafar ci gaban shuka na yau da kullun.
2. Tsari
Bayan ganyen strawberry ya lalace, ganyen da suka lalace sun shuɗe kuma suna barin alamun haƙori. Ganyen da farko suna nuna farar tabo sannan kuma sun haɗa cikin zanen gado. Lokacin da lalacewa ya yi tsanani, ganye ya zama karami, raguwa, ko ma rawaya, bushe, da bushewa, yana shafar photosynthesis; a lokacin lokacin furanni, ganyen suna lalacewa. Lalacewa na iya haifar da gurɓacewar ɗan adam, rashin haifuwar fulawa, canza launin furanni, da sauransu. Ƙwararrun manya kuma na iya lalata 'ya'yan itatuwa kuma suna shafar ƙimar tattalin arziƙin 'ya'yan itace. Bugu da ƙari, thrips kuma na iya yada ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri da kuma haifar da lalacewa ga samar da strawberry.
3. Taurari
Babban nau'in mite gizo-gizo da ke lalata strawberries shine mite gizo-gizo mai hange guda biyu. Babban mite na mace ja ne mai duhu ja tare da baƙaƙen aibobi a ɓangarorin jiki biyu kuma suna da siffa. ƙwai masu juye-juye ja ne, yayin da ƙwayayen da ba su cika hunturu ba ba su da rawaya. Matasa mites na ƙarni na overwintering su ne ja, yayin da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ba su da yawa suna rawaya. nymphae na ƙarni na overwintering suna ja, kuma nymphae na tsararrakin da ba su da lokacin hunturu suna rawaya tare da baƙar fata a bangarorin biyu na jiki. Manya, matasa da mites na nama suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace a gefen ganye suna gina gidajen yanar gizo. A matakin farko, alamun chlorosis na lokaci-lokaci suna bayyana akan ganyen, kuma a cikin lokuta masu tsanani, ɗigon fari suna warwatse ko'ina. A lokuta masu tsanani, ganyen ya yi zafi kuma ya faɗi, yana haifar da tsufa na shuka.
Dokokin faruwa
1. Aphids
Aphids galibi suna motsawa a kusa da ganyayen matasa, petioles, da ganyen da ke ƙasa don tsotse ruwan zuma da ɓoye ruwan zuma don gurbata ganye. A lokaci guda, aphids suna yada ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna lalata seedlings.
2. Tsari
Dumi, yanayin bushewa ya fi dacewa da wannan. Yana faruwa kowace shekara a cikin hasken rana greenhouse da breeds da overwinters a can, yawanci 15-20 ƙarni / shekara; yana faruwa a cikin greenhouse a cikin bazara da kaka har zuwa girbi. Nymphs da manya sau da yawa suna fakewa a tsakiyar furanni da furanni masu rufi, kuma suna ɓoye sosai. Yana da wahala ga magungunan kwari gabaɗaya su tuntuɓar su kai tsaye kuma su kashe kwari.
3. Taurari
Matasa mites da farkon matakan nymphs ba su da aiki sosai, yayin da nymphs na ƙarshen mataki suna aiki da cin abinci kuma suna da dabi'ar hawan sama. Yana shafar ƙananan ganye da farko sannan ya yada zuwa sama. Yawan zafin jiki da fari sun fi dacewa da faruwar mitsitsin gizo-gizo, kuma yanayin zafi mai tsayi na dogon lokaci yana da wahala a iya rayuwa.
Fasahar Kariya da Sarrafa
1. Aphids
(1) Matakan noma:da sauri cire tsoffin ganyen strawberry marasa lafiya da share weeds a kusa da greenhouse.
(2) Rigakafin jiki da sarrafawa:Kafa tarun da ke hana kwari a wuraren samun iska; saita allunan rawaya don tarko da kashe su a cikin greenhouse. Za a yi amfani da su daga lokacin shuka. Kowane greenhouse yana amfani da guda 10-20, kuma tsayin rataye ya ɗan fi girma fiye da shuke-shuken strawberry da 10-20 cm. Tarko aphids masu fuka-fuki kuma maye gurbin su akai-akai.
(3) Ikon Halittu:A farkon matakan aphid, ana fitar da ladybugs a cikin filin, kuma ana fitar da adadin kuzari 100 a kowace acre (kwai 20 a kowane kati) don kashe aphids. Kula da kare maƙiyan halitta kamar su lacewings, hoverflies, da aphid braconid wasps.
(4) Kula da sinadarai:Za ka iya amfani da 25% thiamethoxam ruwa-dispersible granules 3000-5000 a matsayin ruwa, 3% acetamiprid EC 1500 sau a matsayin ruwa, da 1.8% abamectin EC 1000-1500 sau a matsayin ruwa. Kula da juyawa na magani. Kula da lokacin aminci na magungunan kashe qwari don guje wa haɓaka juriya da phytotoxicity. (Lura: Don sarrafa feshi, kauce wa lokacin furen strawberry, da fitar da ƙudan zuma daga zubar lokacin da ake amfani da magungunan kashe qwari.)
2. Tsari
(1) Rigakafin noma da sarrafa su:Share ciyayi a cikin filayen kayan lambu da wuraren da ke kewaye don rage yawan tushen kwari na overwintering. Ya fi tsanani a lokacin fari, don haka za a iya rage lalacewa ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa tsire-tsire suna da ban ruwa sosai.
(2) Kula da jiki:Ana amfani da tarkon kwari masu launin shuɗi ko rawaya don kama thrips, wanda ya fi tasiri. Rataya guda 20-30 a kowace kadada, kuma ƙananan gefen farantin launi ya kamata ya zama 15-20cm daga saman shuka, kuma yana ƙaruwa yayin da amfanin gona ya girma.
(3) Ikon Halittu:Ana iya sarrafa adadin thrips yadda ya kamata ta hanyar amfani da maƙiyan halitta na mites. Idan an sami thrips a cikin greenhouse, a kan lokaci sakin 20,000 Amblysei mites ko sabon kokwamba mites/acre, sau ɗaya a wata, na iya sarrafa lalacewa yadda ya kamata. Ba a yarda a yi amfani da magungunan kashe qwari kwanaki 7 kafin lokacin saki da lokacin saki.
(4) Kula da sinadarai:Lokacin da nauyin kwari ya yi ƙasa, yi amfani da 2% emamectin EC 20-30 g/mu da 1.8% abamectin EC 60 ml/mu. Lokacin da nauyin kwari ya yi tsanani, yi amfani da 6% spinosad 20 ml/acre don fesa foliar. Lokacin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, da farko, dole ne mu kula da madadin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari don raunana juriya. Abu na biyu, dole ne mu kula da spraying magungunan kashe qwari ba kawai a kan shuke-shuke amma kuma a kan ƙasa a lokacin da spraying, saboda wasu balagagge larvae pupate a cikin ƙasa. (Amamectin da abamectin suna da guba ga ƙudan zuma. Lokacin feshi don sarrafawa, guje wa lokacin furen strawberry, kuma a fitar da ƙudan zuma daga zubar lokacin da ake amfani da magungunan kashe qwari; spinosad ba ya da guba ga ƙudan zuma.)
3. Taurari
(1) Rigakafin noma da sarrafa su:share weeds a cikin filin da kuma kawar da tushen kwari masu overwintering; nan da nan ƙwanƙwasa ƙananan ƙananan ganyen kwari na ganye da fitar da su daga cikin filin don lalata ta tsakiya.
(2) Ikon Halittu:Yi amfani da abokan gaba na halitta don sarrafa yawan ƙwayar gizo-gizo gizo-gizo a farkon matakan da suka faru, kuma a saki Amblyseidia barbari a cikin filin, tare da 50-150 mutane / murabba'in mita, ko mites Phytoseiid tare da 3-6 mutane / murabba'in mita.
(3) Kariya da sarrafa sinadarai:Don amfani da farko, 43% dakatarwar diphenazine sau 2000-3000 da sau 1.8% abamectin 2000-3000 ana iya amfani dashi don feshi. Sarrafa sau ɗaya kowane kwanaki 7. Tasirin madadin amfani da sinadarai zai fi kyau. mai kyau. (Diphenyl hydrazine da abamectin suna da guba ga ƙudan zuma. Lokacin feshi don sarrafawa, guje wa lokacin furanni na strawberry, kuma a fitar da ƙudan zuma daga zubar yayin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari.)
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-18-2023
