Tumatir mai launin toka yana faruwa ne a lokacin furanni da matakan 'ya'yan itace, kuma yana iya cutar da furanni, 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganye da kuma mai tushe. Lokacin furanni shine kololuwar kamuwa da cuta. Cutar na iya faruwa daga farkon flowering zuwa yanayin 'ya'yan itace. Cutar da ke da tsanani a cikin shekaru tare da ƙananan zafin jiki da ci gaba da yanayin ruwan sama.
Tumatir mai launin toka yana faruwa da wuri, yana daɗe, kuma galibi yana lalata 'ya'yan itace, don haka yana haifar da babban asara.
1,Alamun
Mai tushe, ganye, furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa na iya zama cutarwa, amma babban cutarwa ga 'ya'yan itace, yawanci cutar 'ya'yan itace mafi tsanani.
Ciwon ganye yakan fara ne daga saman ganyen kuma yana yaduwa a ciki tare da jijiyoyin reshe a cikin siffar "V".
Da farko, ana shayar da shi-kamar, kuma bayan haɓaka, yana da launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa, tare da gefuna marasa daidaituwa da madaidaicin alamar duhu da haske.
Iyakar dake tsakanin marasa lafiya da kyallen takarda a bayyane take, kuma ana samar da ƙaramin nau'in launin toka da fari a saman.
Lokacin da tushen ya kamu da cutar, yakan fara ne a matsayin ɗan ƙaramin tabo mai jike da ruwa, sannan ya faɗaɗa zuwa siffar da ba ta dace ba ko mara kyau, launin ruwan kasa. Lokacin da zafi ya yi yawa, akwai launin toka mai launin toka a saman tabo, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani, kara da ganyen da ke sama da sashin cutar ya mutu.
Cututtukan ’ya’yan itace, ragowar abin kunya ko ciyayi suna fara kamuwa da ita, sannan su bazu zuwa ga ’ya’yan itacen ko ’ya’yan itace, wanda hakan ya sa bawo ya yi launin toka, kuma akwai wani kauri mai launin toka, kamar rubewar ruwa.
hanyar sarrafawa
Kula da aikin gona
- Kula da muhalli
Lokacin da ya dace da samun iska da safe a ranakun rana, musamman a cikin hasken rana tare da ban ruwa, kwana na biyu zuwa na uku bayan ban ruwa, buɗe tuyere na mintina 15 bayan buɗe labulen da safe, sa'an nan kuma rufe iska. Lokacin da zafin jiki a cikin hasken rana ya tashi zuwa 30 ° C, sannan a hankali buɗe tuyere. Babban zafin jiki sama da 31 ℃ na iya rage germination kudi na spores da rage faruwar cututtuka. A lokacin rana, ana kiyaye zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse na hasken rana a 20 ~ 25 ° C, kuma ana rufe iska lokacin da zafin jiki ya faɗi zuwa 20 ° C da rana. Ana kiyaye zafin dare a 15 ~ 17 ℃. A cikin ranakun gajimare, bisa ga yanayin yanayi da yanayin noma, yakamata a saki iska da kyau don rage zafi.
- Noma don kula da cututtuka
Haɓaka noman ƙarami da babban fim ɗin cardigan mulching, aiwatar da fasahar ban ruwa drip, rage zafi da rage cututtuka. Ya kamata a yi shayarwa da safe a ranakun rana don hana wuce haddi. Matsakaicin watering a farkon cutar. Bayan shayarwa, kula da barin iska da cire zafi. Bayan cutar, cire 'ya'yan itace marasa lafiya da ganye a cikin lokaci kuma a magance su yadda ya kamata don hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta. Bayan tattara 'ya'yan itace da kuma kafin dasa shuki, ana cire ragowar cutar don tsaftace filin da rage kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta.
- Kula da jiki
Yin amfani da zafi mai zafi na lokacin rani da kaka, rufe hasken rana fiye da mako guda, yin amfani da hasken rana don sanya yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse ya tashi zuwa fiye da 70 ° C, zazzabi mai zafi.
sarrafa sinadarai
Dangane da halayen launin toka mai launin toka na tumatir, ya zama dole a zabi nau'ikan magani masu dacewa don sarrafa shi a kimiyance. Lokacin da aka tsoma tumatir a cikin furanni, a cikin dip flower diluent da aka shirya, 50% na adadin saprophyticus wettable foda, ko 50% na doxycarb wettable foda, da dai sauransu, ana kara don hana kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta. Kafin shuka, yakamata a shafe tumatir sosai tare da 50% carbendazim wettable foda sau 500 ruwa, ko 50% Suacrine wettable foda sau 500 na ruwa sau ɗaya don rage yawan ƙwayoyin cuta. A farkon cutar, sau 2000 ruwa na 50% Suk m wettable foda, 500 ruwa na 50% carbendazam wettable foda, ko 1500 ruwa na 50% puhain wettable foda an yi amfani da su don rigakafin feshi da sarrafawa, sau ɗaya kowane 7 zuwa Kwanaki 10, na lokuta 2 zuwa 3 a jere. Hakanan za'a iya zaɓar wakili na hayaƙi na 45% Chlorothalonil ko 10% Sukline wakilin hayaki, gram 250 a kowace mu greenhouse, rufe greenhouse bayan wuraren 7 zuwa 8 da yamma don haskaka rigakafin hayaki. Lokacin da cutar ta yi tsanani, bayan cire cututtukan ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa da masu tushe, ana amfani da wakilai da hanyoyin da ke sama don yin rigakafi da magani sau 2 zuwa 3.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-06-2023
