ciyawa na shekara-shekara tsire-tsire ne waɗanda ke kammala tsarin rayuwarsu—daga germination zuwa samar da iri da mutuwa—a cikin shekara ɗaya. Ana iya rarraba su zuwa lokacin bazara da na shekara-shekara na hunturu dangane da yanayin girma. Ga wasu misalan gama-gari:
Ciwon Rani na Shekara-shekara
Ciwon rani na shekara-shekara yana tsirowa a cikin bazara ko farkon lokacin rani, yana girma a cikin watanni masu zafi, kuma yana samar da iri kafin ya mutu a cikin fall.
Ragweed na gama gari (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)
Ambrosia artemisiifolia, tare da sunayen gama gari na yau da kullun, ragweed na shekara-shekara, da ƙananan ragweed, wani nau'in jinsin Ambrosia ne na asali na yankuna na Amurka.
Har ila yau, an kira shi sunaye na kowa: American wormwood, bitterweed, blackweed, karas sako, hay zazzabi ciyawa, Roman wormwood, short ragweed, stammerwort, stickweed, tassel sako.
Bayani: Yana da ganyen lu'u-lu'u mai zurfi kuma yana samar da ƙananan furanni masu launin kore waɗanda suke juyewa zuwa tsaba masu kama da burr.
Wurin zama: Ana samun shi a cikin ƙasa mai cike da damuwa, filaye, da gefen titina.
Lambsquarters (Kundi na Chenopodium)
Kundin Chenopodium tsire-tsire ne na shekara-shekara mai saurin girma a cikin dangin tsire-tsire na furanni Amaranthaceae. Ko da yake ana noma shi a wasu yankuna, ana ɗaukar shuka a wani wuri a matsayin sako. Sunaye gama gari sun haɗa da wurin rago, melde, goosefoot, alayyahu na daji da kitse-kaji, ko da yake na biyun kuma ana amfani da su ga wasu nau'in halittar Chenopodium, wanda ya sa ake bambanta shi da farin goggo. Album ɗin Chenopodium yana noma sosai kuma ana cinye shi. a Arewacin Indiya, da Nepal a matsayin amfanin gona na abinci da aka sani da bathua.
Bayani: Shuka madaidaiciya tare da ganyaye masu laushi, sau da yawa tare da farar fata a ƙasa.
Wuraren zama: Yana girma a cikin lambuna, filaye, da wuraren tashin hankali.
Pigweed (Amaranthus spp.)
Pigweed shine sunan gama gari na shekara-shekara na rani masu alaƙa da yawa waɗanda suka zama manyan ciyawa na kayan lambu da amfanin gona na jere a cikin Amurka da yawancin duniya. Yawancin pigweeds dogaye ne, tsire-tsire masu tsayi-zuwa daji tare da sassauƙa, siffa-oval- zuwa lu'u-lu'u, madadin ganye, da inflorescences masu yawa (gunguwar furanni) waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙanana, furanni masu launin kore. Suna fitowa, girma, fure, saita iri, kuma suna mutuwa a cikin lokacin girma mara sanyi.
Bayani: Tsire-tsire masu tsayi tare da ƙananan furanni masu launin kore ko ja; ya haɗa da nau'o'in nau'in nau'i kamar redroot pigweed da santsi mai santsi.
Wuraren zama: Ya zama ruwan dare a cikin filayen noma da ƙasa mai rikicewa.
Crabgrass (Digitaria spp.)
Crabgrass, wani lokacin ana kiransa watergrass, shine lokacin dumi-lokacin ciyawa mai ciyawa wanda ya zama ruwan dare a Iowa. Crabgrass yana tsiro a cikin bazara da zarar yanayin ƙasa ya kai 55 ° F na tsawon kwana huɗu madaidaiciya da dare, kuma zai mutu tare da yanayin sanyi da sanyi a cikin fall. Iowa yana da duka Digitaria ischaemum (mai santsi mai santsi, santsi mara gashi tare da gashi inda kara da ganye suka hadu) haka nan Digitaria sanguinalis (babban ciyawa, mai tushe da ganye suna dauke da gashi).
Bayani: Tsire-tsire masu kama da ciyawa mai tsayi, siriri mai tushe masu tushe a cikin nodes; yana da kawunan iri kamar yatsa.
Wuri: Ana samun shi a cikin lawn, lambuna, da wuraren noma.
Foxtail (Setaria spp.)
Bayani: Ciyawa tare da bristly, shugabannin iri na cylindrical; ya haɗa da nau'ikan kamar giant foxtail da kore foxtail.
Wuri: Na kowa a cikin filaye, lambuna, da wuraren sharar gida.
Ciwon hunturu na Shekara-shekara
Ciwon sanyi na shekara-shekara yana tsirowa a cikin kaka, yakan yi girma kamar yadda ake shukawa, yana girma a lokacin bazara, yana samar da iri kafin ya mutu a farkon lokacin rani.
Chickweed (Stellaria Media)
Bayani: Tsire-tsire mai ƙananan girma tare da ƙananan furanni masu launin tauraro da santsi, ganye masu santsi.
Wuraren zama: Na kowa a cikin lambuna, lawns, da danshi, wuraren inuwa.
Henbit (Lamium ampplexicaule)
Bayani: Tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan ganye da ƙananan, ruwan hoda zuwa furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Wuri: Ana samun shi a cikin lambuna, lawns, da ƙasa mai rikicewa.
Gashi Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta)
Bayani: Ƙananan tsire-tsire tare da ganyaye masu rarraba da ƙananan furanni.
Habitat: Yana girma a cikin lambuna, lawns, da wuraren dami.
Jakar Shepherd (Capsella bursa-pastoris)
Bayani: Shuka tare da nau'in nau'in nau'i mai nau'i-nau'i, jaka-kamar jaka da ƙananan furanni farare.
Wuraren zama: Na kowa a cikin ƙasa mai cike da damuwa, lambuna, da gefen titina.
Bluegrass na shekara (Poa annua)
Bayani: ciyawar ƙasa mai girma tare da laushi, ganyen kore mai haske da ɗabi'ar girma mai girma; yana fitar da kanana, kawu-kamar kawukan iri.
Wuri: An samo shi a cikin lawn, lambuna, da wuraren wasan golf.
Wadanne magungunan ciyawa za a iya amfani da su don kashe wadannan ciyawa?
Nau'in maganin ciyawa da ake amfani da shi don cire ciyawa na shekara shineTuntuɓi magungunan ciyawa. (Menene maganin ciyawa?)
Maganin tuntuɓar ciyawa wani nau'i ne na musamman na maganin ciyawa wanda ke kashe sassan shukar da suka yi mu'amala da su kawai. Ba sa motsawa (canzawa) a cikin shuka don isa ga wasu sassa kamar tushen ko harbe. A sakamakon haka, waɗannan magungunan ciyawa sun fi tasiri akan ciyawa na shekara-shekara kuma ba su da tasiri a kanperennialshuke-shuke da m tushen tsarin.
Misalai na Tuntuɓar Magani
Paraquat:
Yanayin Aiki: Yana hana photosynthesis ta hanyar samar da nau'in iskar oxygen da ke haifar da lalacewar sel.
Amfani: Ana amfani da shi sosai a aikin gona don magance ciyawa a cikin amfanin gona daban-daban da wuraren da ba amfanin gona. Yana da matukar tasiri amma mai guba sosai, yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali.
Diquat:
Yanayin Aiki: Daidai da paraquat, yana rushe photosynthesis kuma yana haifar da lalacewar membrane mai sauri.
Amfani: Ana amfani da shi don bushewar amfanin gona kafin girbi, wajen hana ciyawa a cikin ruwa, da sarrafa ciyayi na masana'antu.
Pelargonic acid:
Yanayin Aiki: Yana rushe membranes tantanin halitta yana haifar da zubewa da saurin mutuwar tantanin halitta.
Amfani: Na kowa a cikin noman ƙwayoyin cuta da aikin lambu don sarrafa manyan leaf da ciyawa. Yana da ƙasa da mai guba ga mutane da dabbobi idan aka kwatanta da magungunan ƙwayar cuta ta roba.
Amfani:
Ana amfani da magungunan herbicides don saurin sarrafa ciyawa na shekara-shekara.
Ana amfani da su sau da yawa a yanayin da ake buƙatar kawar da ciyawar nan da nan, kamar a aikace-aikacen girbi kafin girbi ko don share gonaki kafin shuka.
Ana kuma amfani da su a wuraren da ba amfanin gona ba kamar wuraren masana'antu, gefen titina, da kuma a cikin birane inda ake son cikakken sarrafa ciyayi.
Gudun Ayyuka:
Wadannan magungunan ciyawa sukan yi aiki da sauri, tare da alamun bayyanar da ke bayyana a cikin ƴan sa'o'i zuwa ƴan kwanaki bayan aikace-aikacen.
Saurin bushewa da mutuwar sassan shuka da aka tuntube su na kowa.
Yanayin Aiki:
Tuntuɓi magungunan ciyawa suna aiki ta hanyar lalata ko lalata ƙwayoyin shukar da suke taɓawa. Rushewar yana faruwa yawanci ta hanyar rushewar membrane, hana photosynthesis, ko rushewar sauran hanyoyin salula.
Amfani:
Ayyukan gaggawa: Saurin kawar da ciyawa da ake iya gani.
Sakamako na gaggawa: Yana da amfani ga yanayin da ke buƙatar kawar da sako nan take.
Karancin Ƙasar Ƙasa: Sau da yawa kada ku dage a cikin muhalli, yana mai da su zabi mai kyau don riga-kafin dasa ciyawa.
Muna amai sayar da ciyawa mai tushe a China. Idan ba ku da tabbacin yadda ake magance ciyawa, za mu iya ba ku shawarar maganin ciyawa kuma mu aika da samfuran kyauta don gwadawa. Muna jiran ji daga gare ku!
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-15-2024
