Tuntuɓi magungunan ciyawasinadarai ne da ake amfani da su don sarrafa ciyawa ta hanyar lalata kyallen jikin shukar da suke hulɗa da su kai tsaye. Sabanintsarin herbicides, wanda aka nutse kuma yana motsawa cikin shuka don isa ya kashe tushensa da sauran sassa, tuntuɓar magungunan ciyawa suna aiki a cikin gida, suna haifar da lalacewa da mutuwa kawai a wuraren da suka taɓa.
Maganin tuntuɓar ciyawa suna daga cikin farkon nau'ikan maganin ciyawa da aka samar don kawar da ciyawa na noma da waɗanda ba na noma ba. Amfani da su ya samo asali ne tun farkon karni na 20, kuma duk da zuwan sabbin fasahohin maganin ciyawa, tuntuɓar magungunan ciyawa suna da tasiri sosai ga wasu aikace-aikace, musamman inda ake buƙatar sarrafa ciyawa cikin sauri.
Muhimmanci a cikin Gudanar da ciyawa
Muhimmancin tuntuɓar ciyawa a cikin sarrafa ciyawa na zamani ya ta'allaka ne cikin saurin aiwatar da su da iya sarrafa takamaiman wuraren matsala ba tare da cutar da ciyayi da ke kewaye ba. Wannan ya sa su zama masu kima a duk wuraren noma, kamar ciyawar layi-layi, da wuraren da ba na amfanin gona kamar hanyoyi da wuraren masana'antu.
Yanayin Ayyukan Tuntuɓar Maganin Ciwo
Tuntuɓi herbicides suna aiki ta hanyar lalata ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire waɗanda suke hulɗa da su kai tsaye. Wannan lalacewa yawanci ya ƙunshi rugujewar membranes tantanin halitta, wanda ke haifar da zubewar abinda ke cikin tantanin halitta da saurin mutuwa na kyallen da abin ya shafa. Ƙayyadadden tsarin na iya bambanta dangane da maganin ciyawa amma gabaɗaya yana haifar da tasiri mai sauri da bayyane.
Nau'in Lalacewar Kwayoyin Shuka
Nau'o'in farko na lalacewar salula ta hanyar maganin herbicides sun haɗa da:
Rushewar Membrane ta Tantanin halitta: Yana haifar da zubewar tantanin halitta da bushewa.
Damuwar Oxidative: Ƙirƙirar nau'in oxygen mai amsawa (ROS), wanda ke lalata sassan salula.
Rashin daidaituwa na pH: haifar da rashin aiki na salula da mutuwa.
Kwatanta da Tsarin Ganye
Ba kamar magungunan ƙwayar cuta ba, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna shayar da tsire-tsire kuma ana kai su zuwa sassa daban-daban, ciki har da tushen da harbe, don kashe shuka gaba ɗaya. Wannan ya sa tsarin herbicides tasiri gaperennial sakosarrafa, kamar yadda za su iya kai hari a karkashin kasa sassa na sako. Koyaya, ana fifita magungunan herbicides don saurin aiwatar da su da rage haɗarin cutar da tsire-tsire marasa manufa.
Aikace-aikacen Tuntuɓi Maganin Ciwo
Ana amfani da magungunan herbicides yawanci azaman sprays, suna buƙatar cikakken ɗaukar hoto na ganyen shukar da aka yi niyya don yin tasiri. Dabarun aikace-aikacen da suka dace suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da mafi girman inganci kuma don rage sharar gida da lalacewa mara manufa.
Don sakamako mafi kyau, tuntuɓi herbicides yakamata a yi amfani da su a lokacin girma lokacin da weeds ke girma sosai kuma suna da isasshen yanki na ganye don sha maganin herbicide. An fi son aikace-aikacen safiya ko kuma bayan la'asar sau da yawa don rage ƙazantar da ruwa.
Daidaitawa yana da mahimmanci yayin amfani da maganin herbicides. Dole ne a kula don amfani da ciyawa kawai ga ciyawa, saboda waɗannan magungunan gabaɗaya ba zaɓaɓɓu ba ne kuma suna iya cutar da tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa da suka haɗu da su. Yin amfani da garkuwar kariya da dabarun feshi da aka ba da umarni na iya taimakawa wajen cimma wannan daidaito.
Yanayin Amfani don Tuntuɓar Maganin Ciwo
Kula da ciyawa na shekara-shekara
Magungunan tuntuɓar ganye suna da tasiri musamman a kanciyawa na shekara-shekara, wanda ke kammala rayuwarsu a cikin lokaci guda. Ta hanyar lalata sassan da ke sama, waɗannan magungunan ciyawa suna hana samar da iri da yaduwar ciyawa a shekara.
Tsare-tsare na ciyawa
A cikin wuraren aikin gona, ana amfani da maganin ciyawa sau da yawa don sarrafa ciyawa tsakanin layuka na amfanin gona ba tare da cutar da amfanin gona da kansu ba. Wannan zaɓin aikace-aikacen yana taimakawa kula da lafiyar amfanin gona yayin sarrafa yawan ciyawa.
Amfani a Wuraren da ba amfanin gona
Ana yawan amfani da magungunan ciyawa a wuraren da ba amfanin gona ba kamar hanyoyi, wuraren masana'antu, da layin dogo inda ake buƙatar sarrafa ciyawa mai faɗi. Ayyukansu da sauri da tasiri a waɗannan mahalli sun sa su zama kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don sarrafa ciyayi.
Maganin Saduwa na Jama'a
Yanayin Aiki: Diquat yana rushe membranes tantanin halitta, yana haifar da saurin bushewar kyallen jikin shuka.
Amfani da Cases: Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su don desicating vines dankalin turawa kafin girbi da sarrafa ciyawa na ruwa.
Halaye: Yin aiki da sauri tare da bayyane sakamakon cikin sa'o'i.
Yanayin Aiki: Paraquat yana haifar da samar da nau'in iskar oxygen mai aiki, wanda ke lalata sassan tantanin halitta, wanda ke haifar da saurin mutuwar shuka.
Yi amfani da Cases: Ana amfani da su a aikin noma don aikace-aikacen ƙonawa kafin shuka da wuraren da ba amfanin gona.
Halaye: Matsanancin aiki mai sauri amma mai guba, yana buƙatar kulawa da aiki da hankali.
Yanayin Aiki: Wannan fatty acid yana rushe membranes tantanin halitta, yana haifar da saurin bushewar kyallen jikin shuka.
Yi amfani da Harsasai: Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su a cikin noman ƙwayoyin cuta azaman maganin ciyawa mara zaɓi don maganin tabo.
Halaye: An samo shi daga tushen halitta kuma an yi la'akari da mafi aminci ga muhalli.
Yanayin Aiki: Glufosinate yana hana enzyme glutamine synthetase, yana haifar da haɓakar matakan ammonia mai guba a cikin ƙwayoyin shuka.
Amfani da Cases: Ana amfani da shi don kawar da ciyawa a cikin amfanin gona daban-daban, gami da masara da waken soya, da kuma don aikace-aikacen turf da kayan ado.
Halaye: Ba zaɓaɓɓu ba kuma mai saurin aiwatarwa.
Yanayin Aiki: Yana rage pH a cikin ƙwayoyin shuka, yana haifar da lalacewa da mutuwar ƙwayar shuka.
Yi amfani da Harsasai: Ana amfani da shi a cikin noman ƙwayoyin cuta da lambunan gida don sarrafa ciyawa matasa.
Halaye: Halittu da na halitta, tare da tasiri dangane da maida hankali.
Amfanin Tuntuɓar Magani
Sakamako cikin gaggawa
Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin farko na tuntuɓar herbicides shine ikon su na samar da sakamako mai sauri. Abubuwan da ake gani suna faruwa sau da yawa a cikin sa'o'i zuwa ƴan kwanaki, yana sa su dace da yanayin da ake buƙatar sarrafa sako mai sauri.
Babu Ragowar Ƙasa
Tuntuɓi herbicides gabaɗaya ba sa barin ragowa a cikin ƙasa, ba da izinin dasa amfanin gona lafiya jim kaɗan bayan aikace-aikacen. Wannan rashin ragowar ƙasa ya sa su dace da tsarin sarrafa ciyawa.
Ayyukan da aka Nufi
Ayyukan da aka keɓance na tuntuɓar herbicides suna ba da damar daidaitaccen sarrafa ciyawa a cikin takamaiman wuraren matsala ba tare da shafar duk filin ko lambun ba. Wannan aikin da aka yi niyya yana da fa'ida a duk wuraren noma da waɗanda ba na noma ba.
Iyakance Maganin Magani
Girman ciyawa
Tun da tuntuɓar herbicides ba su shafar tushen, ciyawa na perennial na iya yin girma daga sassan ƙasa. Wannan iyakance yana buƙatar maimaita aikace-aikace ko haɗin kai tare da wasu hanyoyin sarrafa sako.
Kisa Ba Zaɓaɓɓe ba
Maganin tuntuɓar ciyawa na iya lalata duk wata shuka da suka taɓa, yana buƙatar yin amfani da hankali don guje wa cutar da tsire-tsire masu ƙima. Wannan rashin zaɓin yana buƙatar takamaiman niyya da matakan kariya yayin aikace-aikacen.
Damuwar Tsaro
Wasu magungunan ciyawa, kamar paraquat, suna da guba sosai kuma suna buƙatar tsauraran matakan tsaro. Ingantattun kayan aikin kariya da dabarun aikace-aikace suna da mahimmanci don rage haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam da ƙwayoyin cuta marasa manufa.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-17-2024
